The Turning Table requires a Lathing Tool for each use, along with 1,000 kU. The GUI requires the Turning Blank to be in the top-left slot, with the Lathing Tool in the slot under it. The final slot under the Lathing Tool is for Tiny Piles of Iron Dust and Sticks, which has a 50% chance of being produced with each use.
The Iron Turning Blanks and Wooden Turning Blanks are divided into five sections, and each section has five units of thickness. Clicking a button will carve off one unit of thickness (each button has an icon of a Lathing Tool on it) and consume some of the durability of the Lathing Tool along the kU.
Turning Blanks, once modified, cannot be built upon. Simply, if a section of the Turning Blank goes under the desired thickness, it cannot be repaired, and must be used for a different pattern or thrown away.